肝细胞癌术后辅助治疗专家共识（2026版）

Expert consensus on postoperative adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (2026 edition)

摘要:

肝细胞癌（以下简称肝癌）术后复发转移是影响患者长期生存的重要因素，目前尚无公认的有效预防术后复发转移的辅助治疗方案。以靶向药物、免疫检查点抑制剂为代表的系统抗肿瘤治疗和局部治疗单独或联合应用的辅助治疗策略正在积极探索中。肝癌术后辅助治疗中国专家共识协作组、中国医师协会外科医师分会、中国抗癌协会肝癌专业委员会、中华医学会肿瘤学分会肝癌学组组织相关领域专家，基于新的循证医学证据，经过多次讨论、反复修订，最终更新形成《肝细胞癌术后辅助治疗专家共识（2026版）》，旨在梳理肝癌术后辅助治疗相关证据，结合临床实践，为临床医师开展术后辅助治疗提供更好指导，提高肝癌患者术后生存获益。

Abstract:

Recurrence and metastasis after surgery remain major determinants of long-term survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to date, no universally accepted postoperative adjuvant therapy has been established to effectively prevent recurrence. In recent years, postoperative adjuvant strategies involving systemic antitumor therapies—represented by targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors—used alone or in combination with locoregional therapies have been actively explored. The Alliance of Chinese Expert Consensus on Postoperative Adjuvant Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma, together with the Chinese College of Surgeons, the Committee of Liver Cancer of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, and the Liver Cancer Group of the Society of Oncology of the Chinese Medical Association, convened experts from relevant disciplines to review and synthesize updated evidence. Through multiple rounds of discussion and revision, the Expert consensus on postoperative adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (2026 edition) was formulated. This consensus aims to systematically summarize the available evidence on postoperative adjuvant therapy for HCC, integrate current clinical practice, and provide practical guidance for clinicians, with the goal of improving postoperative survival outcomes in patients with HCC.