IL-1β在胰腺癌中的双向调控作用及其临床转化价值

Bidirectional regulatory roles of IL-1β in pancreatic cancer and their clinical translational value

摘要:

胰腺癌是一种高度侵袭性且预后极差的恶性肿瘤，其免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境在疾病进展中发挥关键作用。白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）作为重要的促炎性细胞因子，在炎症反应、纤维化、上皮-间充质转化及免疫调控中具有核心作用。近年来研究表明，IL-1β通过多通路参与胰腺癌的发生、发展与转移，并与不良预后、治疗耐药及肿瘤复发密切相关。然而，在特定条件下IL-1β亦可能发挥抗肿瘤作用，其生物学功能具有双向性。本文系统综述IL-1β的生物学特性及其在胰腺癌肿瘤微环境中的多层次作用机制，重点总结其在诊断、预后评估及靶向治疗中的潜在应用价值，并对当前研究争议及未来发展方向进行展望。

Abstract:

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with an extremely poor prognosis, in which the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in disease progression. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a key pro-inflammatory cytokine, is critically involved in inflammation, fibrosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and immune regulation. Accumulating evidence indicates that IL-1β contributes to the initiation, progression, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer through multiple signaling pathways, and is closely associated with poor prognosis, therapeutic resistance, and tumor recurrence. Notably, IL-1β may also exert anti-tumor effects under specific conditions, highlighting its context-dependent dual role. This review systematically summarizes the biological characteristics of IL-1β and its multifaceted roles in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, with a focus on its potential applications in diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, and targeted therapy. Current controversies and future research directions are also discussed.