人工智能在肝移植手术中的应用现状及伦理挑战

Current status and ethical challenges of artificial intelligence in liver transplantation surgery

摘要:

肝移植是终末期肝病的重要治疗方式，但其复杂性仍限制了临床应用。随着互联网与大数据发展，人工智能（AI）技术在肝移植手术中的应用逐步拓展，涵盖供肝评估、器官分配、机器人辅助手术及术后管理等环节，并展现出显著优势。然而，AI应用也引发一系列伦理问题，尤以资源分配公平、技术缺陷与不伤害原则冲突、责任归属模糊、患者隐私安全与知情同意等最为突出。本文系统综述AI在肝移植手术中的应用现状及相关伦理挑战，旨在为其合理应用与持续发展提供参考。

Abstract:

Liver transplantation is a crucial treatment for end-stage liver disease, yet its complexity continues to limit clinical application. With the development of the internet and big data, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have gradually expanded their use in liver transplantation surgery, covering donor liver evaluation, organ allocation, robot-assisted surgery, and postoperative management, demonstrating significant advantages. However, the application of AI also raises a series of ethical issues, notably fairness in resource allocation, conflicts between technical limitations and the principle of non-maleficence, ambiguous responsibility attribution, patient privacy security, and informed consent. This article systematically reviews the current applications of AI in liver transplantation surgery and the related ethical challenges, aiming to provide a reference for its rational use and sustainable development.