胰腺癌系统治疗的研究进展

Research progress of systemic therapy for pancreatic cancer

摘要:

胰腺癌（PC）是一种高度恶性的消化系统肿瘤，具有极高的病死率和复发风险。传统的手术切除和化疗虽仍为主要治疗手段，但术后复发率高、预后不佳等问题仍未得到有效解决。因此，探索更高效的综合治疗策略，对于提高患者生存率和改善预后具有重要意义。本文系统总结了近年来PC系统治疗的研究进展，重点分析化疗、靶向治疗及免疫治疗的应用现状和疗效。同时，探讨了新辅助治疗、中西医结合治疗及转化治疗在提升传统化疗效果方面的潜力。研究表明，靶向治疗可增强抗原呈递并降低副作用，而免疫检查点抑制剂、肿瘤疫苗及过继性细胞免疫治疗则有助于减少肿瘤免疫逃逸，改善肿瘤微环境。尽管PC的治疗手段不断创新，临床治疗仍面临诸多挑战，尤其是晚期患者的生存获益有限。因此，未来研究应聚焦于早期诊断、精准医学和个体化治疗策略，以期进一步提高治愈率和患者生存质量，为临床实践提供更多有效的治疗选择。

Abstract:

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant digestive system tumor with extremely high mortality and recurrence rates. While traditional surgical resection and chemotherapy remain the main treatment options, challenges such as high postoperative recurrence and poor prognosis persist. Therefore, exploring more effective comprehensive treatment strategies is crucial for improving patient survival and prognosis. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in systemic therapy for PC, with a focus on the application and efficacy of chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Additionally, it discusses the potential of neoadjuvant therapy, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine approaches, and conversion therapy in enhancing the effects of conventional chemotherapy. Studies have shown that targeted therapy can enhance antigen presentation and reduce side effects, while immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, and adoptive cell immunotherapy help mitigate tumor immune evasion and improve the tumor microenvironment. Despite continuous innovation in treatment approaches, clinical management of PC, particularly for advanced-stage patients, still faces significant challenges. Future research should focus on early diagnosis, precision medicine, and personalized treatment strategies to further improve cure rates and patient survival quality, providing more effective therapeutic options for clinical practice.