不可切除肝细胞癌的治疗机制及相关治疗新进展

New advances in therapeutic mechanism and relevant treatments for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

摘要:

肝细胞癌（HCC）是消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一，随着医疗水平的提升，对HCC进行早期诊断及治疗极大地降低了早期HCC的漏诊率及病死率。然而，大部分不可切除肝细胞癌（uHCC）在确诊时已不能进行根治性治疗，这是HCC掠夺患者生命健康及其病死率长期居高不下的主要原因。随着局部治疗、药物治疗、免疫治疗及多维联合治疗等治疗模式的提出，促进uHCC患者实现了降期转化治疗并提高生存获益。为了打破uHCC的治疗僵局，不少学者基于HCC的疾病进展机制、治疗及相关抗瘤机制等研究，拓展对uHCC的抗瘤机制及创新性诊治模式的探索。因此，笔者回顾当前uHCC的免疫周期、抗瘤机制及相关治疗的新成果，并作一综述。

Abstract:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the common malignant tumors of the digestive system. With the development of medical level, early diagnosis and treatment of HCC has greatly reduced the underdiagnosis and mortality rate of early HCC. However, most unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) have no possibility for radical resection at diagnosis, which is the main reason for HCC posing a serious threat to patients' health and lives as well as for its perennially high mortality rates. With the proposal of various treatment modalities such as local therapy, drug therapy, immunotherapy and multidimensional combination therapy, the achievement of tumor downstaging in patients with uHCC has been accelerated with improved survival benefits. In order to break the current deadlock in uHCC treatment, many scholars have expanded their research based on those regarding the disease progression mechanism, treatment and relevent anti-tumor mechanisms for HCC to explore the anti-tumor mechanisms, innovative diagnostic and treatment modalities for uHCC. Therefore, the authors review the current new achievements in immune cycle, anti-tumor mechanisms and relevant treatments for uHCC.