原发性肝癌诊疗指南 （2026年版）

Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of primary liver cancer

摘要:

根据中国国家癌症中心发布的数据，2022年全国原发性肝癌发病人数36.77万，占全球病例的42.5%，位列各种癌症新发病人数第4位、发病率位列第5位；2022年因原发性肝癌死亡人数31.65万，死亡人数和死亡率均位列第2位；人群肝癌五年相对生存率为14.4%，诊断时为中期和晚期比例达50%以上[1-3]。原发性肝癌主要包括肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC)、肝内胆管癌(intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, ICC)和混合型肝细胞癌-胆管癌(combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma, cHCC-CCA)3种不同病理学类型，三者在发病机制、生物学行为、病理组织学、治疗方法以及预后等方面差异较大，其中HCC占80%、ICC占14.9%[4]。本指南中的“肝癌”仅指HCC。

Abstract:

In April 2024, the "Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of primary liver cancer (2024 edition)"were officially released. The guidelines were developed by experts and scholars from various disciplinesin the field of liver cancer across the country under the leadership of the Department of MedicalAdministration of the National Health Commission of the People""s Republic of China and with guidancefrom the Expert Committee on the Compilation of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment ofPrimary Liver Cancer, the National Cancer Center, and the Liver Cancer QualityControl ExpertCommittee of the National Cancer Quality Control Center. The main updates in the "Guidelines for thediagnosis and treatment of primary liver cancer (2024 edition)" include: updates tosurgical treatmentmethods and concepts; objective evaluation of the value of local ablation; revitalization of vascular ntervention therapy; further exploration and optimization of radiotherapy; and significant breakthroughsin systemic treatment. As a normative guidance document for primary liver cancer, the guidelines keeppace with the times, timely reflecting new developments and concepts in the field of liver cancerdiagnosis and treatment, which will effectively drive the elevation of standardized diagnosis and treatment levels for liver cancer in China, enhanced the influence of our country in this field within the academic community, and hold high guiding significance for the future