Abstract:Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a key treatment for moderate-to-severe obesity and its related metabolic diseases. However, patients may still experience weight loss plateaus, recurrent weight gain, nutritional deficiencies, and psychological-behavioral issues after surgery, compromising long-term outcomes and quality of life. Although domestic expert consensuses on weight loss plateau management and postoperative follow-up exist, there remains a lack of a comprehensive clinical pathway covering the entire process from preoperative assessment and perioperative management to long-term follow-up. This consensus was developed by the Expert Working Group on Obesity Metabolic Surgery Comprehensive Management and Nursing Support Group, Chinese College of Surgeons. Based on a systematic review of domestic and international guidelines, consensuses, and evidence-based literature, recommendations were formulated through two rounds of expert consultation and discussion. The consensus addresses six aspects: definition and goals of weight management, preoperative evaluation and intensive management, staged postoperative weight management, identification and management of recurrent weight gain, multidisciplinary collaboration and long-term follow-up system, and patient education and self-management. It establishes a full-cycle clinical pathway covering "assessment-intervention-follow-up-support", aiming to provide a standardized reference for weight management in MBS patients, enhance long-term weight maintenance and metabolic benefits, and promote the standardization of weight management in metabolic and bariatric surgery in China.