Abstract:Background and Aims Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a heterogeneous disease with considerable mortality in severe cases. Increasing evidence highlights the critical role of the gut microbiome in AP progression; however, comprehensive bibliometric analyses in this field remain limited. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the research landscape and emerging trends of gut microbiome studies in AP.Methods Publications from January 2012 to February 2026 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. English articles and reviews related to AP and the gut microbiome were included. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to perform co-occurrence and clustering analyses of countries, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords. Publication trends were analyzed using GraphPad Prism.Results A total of 184 publications were included. The number of publications has increased steadily, with a rapid growth phase after 2019. China contributed the largest number of publications (n=141), and leading institutions were predominantly from China. Frontiers in Microbiology was the most productive journal, while Gut had the highest citation impact. Research hotspots mainly focused on gut microbiota dysbiosis and disease severity, intestinal barrier function, enteral nutrition, and microbiota-derived metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and bile acids. Keyword clustering further highlighted complications of AP, intestinal barrier injury, and nutritional interventions as major research themes.Conclusion Research on the gut microbiome in AP is in a rapid development phase, with China playing a leading role. Future studies should focus on the interactions among gut microbiota dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and bacterial translocation, and integrate multi-omics and artificial intelligence approaches to advance precision medicine based on the gut-pancreas axis.